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how to use jo

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Post by mwilson7983 Tue May 19, 2015 11:12 am

Pleas explain how to use jo and also please explain the most common postpositions that join with it. Also let us know the usual meaning. Thanks! Very Happy

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Post by antonshim Tue May 19, 2015 11:59 am

mwilson7983 wrote:Pleas explain how to use jo and also please explain the most common postpositions that join with it. Also let us know the usual meaning. Thanks! Very Happy

There are several ways to use jo

first way:

that, who, which

The man who was big
आदमी जो बड़ा था
The car that was broken
कार जो ख़राब थी
I bought a new shirt, which I will wear tomorrow
मैं ने एक नया क़मीज़ ख़रीदा जो मैं कल पहनूँगा

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Post by antonshim Wed May 20, 2015 9:00 am

The second way is a replacement for English sentences of the following type :

The man who went to the store was big.  The song (that) we sang yesterday was great.

To make these kinds of sentences in Hindi,  we say something like : who man went to the store,  he was big.

जो आदमी दुकान गया,  वह (वो)  बड़ा है

Notice,  the movement of who in position  to before the subject and the addition of  he which is not necessary in English.  

Similarly: that (who)  song we sang yesterday,  it was great.

जो गाना हमने कल गाया,  वह (वो) बढ़िया है
(जिस गाने (को)  हमने कल गाया,  वह (वो) बढ़िया है)


If you get these types of sentences, you are beginning to think according to a Hindi-speaker's brain patterns.


Last edited by antonshim on Wed May 20, 2015 12:24 pm; edited 1 time in total

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Post by Admin Wed May 20, 2015 10:02 am

To understand the rest, you have to understand how post-positions and connectors work in hindi. The same way they work with regular nouns is the same way they work with jo.


Necessity
मुझे इसकी ज़रुरत है - I am in need of this
Jehovah gives me exactly the very thing that I am in need of (that I need).
यहोवा मुझे ठीक वही चीज़ देता है जिस की मुझे ज़रूरत है

Notice it follows the same pattern with the exception of the order changed. Why? Because logically jo (jiskii) has to come first to introduce that part of the sentence.
Therefore, you will see different word ordering from what you are used to seeing.

Possession/of inanimate things/ qualities
He had a friendship with Jehovah
इसकी यहोवा के साथ करीबी दोस्ती थी
Another person who had a friendship with Jehovah
एक और इंसान जिसकी यहोवा के साथ करीबी दोस्ती थी

Various compound-verbs and their linking constructions
He created this (lit. He did the creation of this/ He did this thing's creation)
उसने इसकी सृष्टी की
It was he alone, whom Jehovah himself created
वही अकेला ऐसा था जिसकी सृष्टि खुद यहोवा ने की

I expect this (lit. I do the expecting of this/ I do this thing's expecting)
मैं इसकी उम्मीद करता हूँ
I was presented with an offer, that I did not expect.
मेरे सामने ऐसी पेशकश रखी गयी जिसकी मैंने उम्मीद नहीं की थी


Compulsion, have to

I have to come
मुझे आना है
Are you the prophet that was (had) to come
क्या तू वह भविष्यवक्ता है जिसे आना था?


Human Direct Objects and Specific Inanimate Direct Objects
I made him sad
मैं ने उसे उदास किया
If I make you sad, then who is going to make me happy, except him that I made sad.
अगर मैं तुम्हें उदास कर दूँ तो मुझे कौन खुश करेगा, सिवा उसके जिसे मैंने उदास किया है


As you can see the list can go on forever. The key is to realise that जो  behaves like any other noun in Hindi.

It's forms before post-positions are जिस and जिन .

The order will be different that what you are used to due to the fact jo will introduce the second part of the sentence.

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Post by Msdiggs Mon May 25, 2015 4:45 pm

so this in the service meeting part for tonight. So is the translation "those who do not see"?

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Post by antonshim Mon May 25, 2015 6:26 pm

Msdiggs wrote:so this in the service meeting part for tonight.  So is the translation "those who do not see"?
yes, cannot see.

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